Kidney development is the process by which the kidneys, essential organs for waste elimination and blood filtration, develop in the fetus. This complex process involves the formation of nephrons, the functional units of the kidney, as well as the development of specialized structures like the glomerulus and renal tubules. Researchers study the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying kidney development to better understand congenital kidney abnormalities, identify potential therapeutic targets for kidney diseases, and ultimately improve treatment options for individuals with kidney disorders.